INSTC, International North–South Transport Corridor, political map. Network for moving freight, with Moscow as north end and Mumbai as south end, replacing the standard route across Mediterranean Sea.

International North-South Transport Corridor: Geopolitical Implications and the Future of European Trade

Abstract The International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC) is a 7,200-kilometre multi-modal network connecting India, Iran, Azerbaijan, Russia, Central Asia, and Europe, offering a shorter and…

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The sharp rise in gold prices signals a strong bullish market trend.

The record gold price reflects a deeper problem than recent global instability

The price of gold has risen to over US$5,000 (£3,662) an ounce for the first time ever, after doubling in value over the course of…

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Map of Arctic Ocean styled in grey color. Selective focus on label, close-up view

Greenland at the Center of the Arctic Power: US NSS 2025, NATO Cohesion, and the New Geopolitics of the High North

In the chilling expanse of the Arctic, where ice and ocean frame the edges of the known world, a geopolitical drama has quietly gathered momentum.…

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South Korea aviation industry military aircraft KF-21 fighter Seoul ADEX 2023

Development of South Korea’s Aviation Industry Based on Military Aircraft and Its Global Competitiveness

1. Introduction ● Research Objective and Scope The objective of this study is to examine the historical development process of the Republic of Korea Air…

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